Question

The susceptibility of a diamagnetic material is essentially independent of temperature.

• A. At very high temperatures
• B. As long as the electronic structure is independent of temperature
• C. At very low temperature of the order 10 K
• D. Under all circumstances

Hint:

Diamagnetic susceptibility is generally independent of temperature because it is related to the electronic structure, which does not significantly change with temperature in most materials.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Diamagnetic materials are characterized by their ability to induce a magnetic moment in the opposite direction of the applied magnetic field. This behavior results from the motion of electrons in the material, which causes a weak repulsive force. The susceptibility (\(\chi\)) of a diamagnetic material is essentially independent of temperature under typical conditions.
The susceptibility of diamagnetic materials does not significantly change with temperature because it arises from the intrinsic properties of the material's electronic structure, such as electron orbital motions. As long as the electronic structure of the material is independent of temperature, the susceptibility remains constant. This means that the susceptibility does not show strong temperature dependence, unlike paramagnetic or ferromagnetic materials, whose susceptibility changes with temperature.
- At very high temperatures, the susceptibility of diamagnetic materials remains almost the same. At high temperatures, other magnetic effects may become more prominent, but diamagnetism is still temperature-independent.
- At very low temperature of the order 10 K, diamagnetism still remains unaffected.
- Under all circumstances, the susceptibility of diamagnetic materials is not universally temperature-independent, but it remains constant as long as the electronic structure does not change with temperature.
Thus, the correct answer is that the susceptibility is independent of temperature as long as the electronic structure is independent of temperature.