Question

The relationship between average kinetic energy (E) of water molecules and its absolute temperature (T ) is given by

• A. \(E∝\frac{1}{T}\)
• B. \(E∝\frac{1}{\sqrt{T}}\)
• C. \(E∝T\)
• D. E is independent of T

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

The kinetic theory of gases provides the relationship between the average kinetic energy of gas molecules and the absolute temperature. For a given molecule, the average kinetic energy \(E\) is expressed as:

\[E = \frac{3}{2}kT\]

 

where \(k\) is the Boltzmann constant and \(T\) is the absolute temperature in Kelvin.

From this equation, it is clear that \(E\) is directly proportional to \(T\). Thus, we can write:

\[E ∝ T\]

 

This relationship shows that as the absolute temperature increases, so does the average kinetic energy of the molecules.

Answer 2

Concept: The average kinetic energy of molecules of a substance is directly proportional to its absolute temperature (measured in Kelvin).

Mathematically, E ∝ T, where: 

• E = Average kinetic energy
• T = Absolute temperature (in Kelvin)

This relationship is based on the kinetic theory of gases.

Final Answer: E ∝ T