The performance of a circus acrobat, such as when they perform a somersault or spin, is based on the conservation of angular momentum. Angular momentum is conserved when no external torque acts on the system. For example, when a person pulls their arms in while rotating, their moment of inertia decreases, and their rotational speed increases to conserve angular momentum.
Hence, the correct answer is (C).
Given below are two statements. One is labelled as Assertion (A) and the other is labelled as Reason (R).
Assertion (A): Knowing the initial position \( x_0 \) and initial momentum \( p_0 \) is enough to determine the position and momentum at any time \( t \) for a simple harmonic motion with a given angular frequency \( \omega \).
Reason (R): The amplitude and phase can be expressed in terms of \( x_0 \) and \( p_0 \).
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below: