Question

The plants showing: hypogynous flower, valvate aestivation, and tricarpellary ovary are:

• A. Solanum, Hibiscus, Brassica
• B. Datura, Petunia, Vinca
• C. Pisum, Phaseolus, Crotalaria
• D. Nicotiana, Dolichos, Withania

Hint:

To identify flower types, always recall the floral formula and diagram for each family. Traits like aestivation and gynoecium structure are often family-specific.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The question requires identifying plants with specific floral characteristics: hypogynous flower, valvate aestivation, and tricarpellary ovary from the given options. Let's evaluate each characteristic:

• Hypogynous Flower: In this flower type, the ovary is superior, meaning other floral parts are below it. This is common in dicots like members of the Brassicaceae and Malvaceae families.
• Valvate Aestivation: This arrangement occurs when the edges of petals or sepals meet without overlapping. It's typical in families like Malvaceae.
• Tricarpellary Ovary: Indicates an ovary composed of three fused carpels, often seen in the Brassicaceae (e.g., Brassica).

Now, we'll assess each given option:

• Solanum, Hibiscus, Brassica:
  • Solanum: Part of the Solanaceae family, exhibits hypogynous flowers.
  • Hibiscus: Belongs to Malvaceae, features valvate aestivation and a superior ovary.
  • Brassica: In the Brassicaceae family, known for a tricarpellary ovary, also having hypogynous flowers.
• Datura, Petunia, Vinca: These plants belong to Solanaceae and Apocynaceae, where typical features vary less with the question.
• Pisum, Phaseolus, Crotalaria: Part of Fabaceae, with variations primarily showing hypogynous flowers.
• Nicotiana, Dolichos, Withania: Associated with varied characteristics and less aligned with all specified traits.

The correct answer is the set that logically fits all criteria: Solanum, Hibiscus, Brassica.