The energy of a photon is given by:
\( E = \frac{hc}{\lambda} \) where
\( h \) is Planck's constant,
\( c \) is the speed of light, and
\( \lambda \) is the wavelength.
For photoemission to occur, the energy of the photon must be greater than or equal to the work function \( W_0 \).
For \( \lambda = 700 \text{nm} \), the photon energy is lower than the work function, meaning no photoemission occurs.
Einstein's Explanation of the Photoelectric Effect:
Einstein explained the photoelectric effect on the basis of Planck’s quantum theory, where light travels in the form of small bundles of energy called photons.
The energy of each photon is hν, where:
The number of photons in a beam of light determines the intensity of the incident light.When a photon strikes a metal surface, it transfers its total energy hν to a free electron in the metal.A part of this energy is used to eject the electron from the metal, and this required energy is called the work function.The remaining energy is carried by the ejected electron as its kinetic energy.