The incorrect statement regarding chirality is:
- SN1 reaction yields 1:1 mixture of both enantiomers.
- The product obtained by SN2 reaction of haloalkane having chirality at the reactive site shows inversion of configuration.
- Enantiomers are superimposable mirror images on each other.
- A racemic mixture shows zero optical rotation.
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
Let's analyze the given statements regarding chirality to identify the incorrect one:
1. SN1 reaction yields a 1:1 mixture of both enantiomers. This statement is correct. The SN1 reaction involves a carbocation intermediate that is achiral, allowing the nucleophile to attack from either side, resulting in a racemic mixture.
2. The product obtained by SN2 reaction of haloalkane with chirality at the reactive site shows inversion of configuration. This statement is correct. SN2 reactions involve a backside attack which leads to inversion of configuration at the chiral center.
3. Enantiomers are superimposable mirror images on each other. This statement is incorrect. Enantiomers are non-superimposable mirror images of each other; their mirror images do not align perfectly when superimposed.
4. A racemic mixture shows zero optical rotation. This statement is correct. A racemic mixture contains equal amounts of two enantiomers, and their optical rotation cancels each other out, resulting in no net optical rotation.
Based on the analysis, the incorrect statement is: Enantiomers are superimposable mirror images on each other.
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Concepts Used:
Introduction to Organic Chemistry
Organic chemistry is the branch of chemistry that involves the scientific study of organic compounds. Organic chemistry primarily deals with the structure and chemical composition of organic compounds, the physical and chemical properties of organic compounds, and the chemical reactions undergone by these compounds.
Reaction Intermediates in Organic Chemistry:
Intermediates can be understood as the first product of a consecutive reaction. For example, in a chemical reaction, if A→B and B→C, then, B can be said to be the intermediate for reaction A→C. The reactions in organic chemistry occur via the formation of these intermediates.
Reagents in Organic Chemistry:
Reagents are the chemicals that we add to bring about a specific change to an organic molecule. Any general reaction in organic chemistry can be written as:
Substrate + Reagent → Product
Where the substrate is an organic molecule to which we add the reagent. Based on the ability to either donate or abstract electrons, the reagents can be classified as:
- Electrophiles
- Nucleophiles