| Global literacy rate % | \(\text{People of different age-groups}\) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 12 – 15 years | 15 – 24 years | 25 – 64 years | 65 years and older | |
| Men | 88 | 90 | 88 | 80 |
| Women | 80 | 88 | 79 | 75 |
Analysis of Global Literacy Rates
The global literacy rates reveal a clear age and gender disparity. Among individuals aged 12-15, men have a literacy rate of 88% compared to women’s 80%. The gap narrows in the 15-24 age group, where men’s literacy reaches 90% while women’s is 88%. However, as the age increases, the disparity becomes significant. In the 25-64 age group, men have a literacy rate of 88%, while women lag behind at 79%. The difference further widens among individuals aged 65 and older, where men’s literacy rate stands at 80% compared to women’s 75%. This trend underscores the need for targeted educational policies, especially for older women, to bridge this persistent literacy gap.
The passage given below is followed by four summaries. Choose the option that best captures the essence of the passage.
In investigating memory-beliefs, there are certain points which must be borne in mind. In the first place, everything constituting a memory-belief is happening now, not in that past time to which the belief is said to refer. It is not logically necessary to the existence of a memory-belief that the event remembered should have occurred, or even that the past should have existed at all. There is no logical impossibility in the hypothesis that the world sprang into being five minutes ago, exactly as it then was, with a population that "remembered" a wholly unreal past. There is no logically necessary connection between events at different times; therefore nothing that is happening now or will happen in the future can disprove the hypothesis that the world began five minutes ago. Hence the occurrences which are CALLED knowledge of the past are logically independent of the past; they are wholly analysable into present contents, which might, theoretically, be just what they are even if no past had existed.