Question

The examples of homologous organs are:

• A. Our hands and forearms of the dogs
• B. Our teeth and teeth of elephant
• C. Runner of potato and grass
• D. All of these

Hint:

Homologous organs have a common evolutionary origin but may serve different functions in different species.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Homologous organs are those organs that have a similar structure but may have different functions in different species. These organs are derived from a common evolutionary ancestor and share the same basic structural pattern.
Step 1: Examples of homologous organs.
- Our hands and forearms of dogs: The forelimbs of humans (hands) and dogs (forearms) have the same basic bone structure (humerus, radius, ulna) but perform different functions, such as grasping for humans and running for dogs. This makes them homologous.
- Our teeth and teeth of elephants: The teeth of humans and elephants have a similar structure but serve different functions. Human teeth are used for cutting and grinding food, while elephant tusks (modified incisors) serve in defense and foraging.
- Runner of potato and grass: The underground stems of potato (tubers) and grass (runners) are homologous as they have similar structures and developmental origins, though they perform different functions (storage in potatoes and vegetative reproduction in grass).
Step 2: Conclusion.
Since all the given options are examples of homologous organs, the correct answer is (D).