The correct order of basic strength of the following molecules is:
(A) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{O}\)
(B) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{MeO}\)
(C) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{NO}_2\)
(D) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{CH}_3\)
(A) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{O}\)
(B) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{MeO}\)
(C) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{NO}_2\)
(D) \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{CH}_3\)
Show Hint
- A$ >$ B $>$ C $>$ D
- B $>$ C $>$ D $>$ A
- D $>$ B $>$ A $>$ C
- B $>$ A $>$ C $>$ D
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
To determine the basic strength of the given molecules, we need to consider the electron-donating and electron-withdrawing effects of substituents on the phenyl group.
- (A): \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{O}\) (Hydroxyl group is an electron-donating group, which increases the basicity of the amine group.)
- (B): \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{MeO}\) (Methoxy group is a strong electron-donating group, which further increases the basicity of the amine group.)
- (C): \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{NO}_2\) (Nitro group is a strong electron-withdrawing group, which decreases the basicity of the amine group.)
- (D): \(\text{C}_6\text{H}_4\text{NH}_2\text{CH}_3\) (Methyl group is a weak electron-donating group, but its effect is weaker than the hydroxyl or methoxy group.) The order of basic strength is determined by the electron-donating ability of the substituent groups. Therefore, the order is: \[ \text{B}>\text{A}>\text{D}>\text{C} \] Thus, the correct order is \( B>A>C>D \), which corresponds to option (4).
Top Questions on Amines
Amines are usually formed from amides, imides, halides, nitro compounds, etc. They exhibit hydrogen bonding which influences their physical properties. In alkyl amines, a combination of electron releasing, steric and H-bonding factors influence the stability of the substituted ammonium cations in protic polar solvents and thus affect the basic nature of amines. Alkyl amines are found to be stronger bases than ammonia. Amines being basic in nature, react with acids to form salts. Aryldiazonium salts, undergo replacement of the diazonium group with a variety of nucleophiles to produce aryl halides, cyanides, phenols and arenes.
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CH$_3$–NH$_2$, (CH$_3$)$_2$NH, (CH$_3$)$_3$NAmines are usually formed from amides, imides, halides, nitro compounds, etc. They exhibit hydrogen bonding which influences their physical properties. In alkyl amines, a combination of electron releasing, steric and H-bonding factors influence the stability of the substituted ammonium cations in protic polar solvents and thus affect the basic nature of amines. Alkyl amines are found to be stronger bases than ammonia. Amines being basic in nature, react with acids to form salts. Aryldiazonium salts, undergo replacement of the diazonium group with a variety of nucleophiles to produce aryl halides, cyanides, phenols and arenes.
How can you convert the following:
(i) Ethanoic acid to methanamineAmines are usually formed from amides, imides, halides, nitro compounds, etc. They exhibit hydrogen bonding which influences their physical properties. In alkyl amines, a combination of electron releasing, steric and H-bonding factors influence the stability of the substituted ammonium cations in protic polar solvents and thus affect the basic nature of amines. Alkyl amines are found to be stronger bases than ammonia. Amines being basic in nature, react with acids to form salts. Aryldiazonium salts, undergo replacement of the diazonium group with a variety of nucleophiles to produce aryl halides, cyanides, phenols and arenes.
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(b) Benzene diazonium chloride from nitrobenzene
(c) 2,4,6-Tribromoaniline from aniline - An amine 'X' reacts with Hinsberg reagent and the product obtained is soluble in alkali. The amine 'X' is:
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