Question

The complex with the highest magnitude of crystal field splitting energy (\(\Delta_0\)) is:

• A. \( [Cr(OH_2)_6]^{3+} \)
• B. \( [Ti(OH_2)_6]^{3+} \)
• C. \( [Fe(OH_2)_6]^{3+} \)
• D. \( [Mn(OH_2)_6]^{3+} \)

Hint:

For transition metals, a higher oxidation state and stronger ligand field lead to a greater \(\Delta_0\).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Factors Affecting Crystal Field Splitting
The magnitude of \(\Delta_0\) depends on the oxidation state, metal size, and ligand type.
Higher oxidation states lead to stronger field splitting.
Step 2: Comparing the Ions
\( Cr^{3+} \) has a smaller ionic radius than \( Mn^{3+} \), \( Fe^{3+} \), and \( Ti^{3+} \).
Smaller cations have a stronger ligand interaction, increasing \(\Delta_0\).
Final Answer: The complex \( [Cr(OH)_6]^{3+} \) has the highest crystal field splitting energy.