Question

The complete elimination of a drug is through renal route. If the drug is given to the patient with renal failure, what will happen?

• A. \( \text{Drug is completely protein bound.} \)
• B. \( \text{Drug is completely eliminated renally.} \)
• C. \( \text{Drug metabolites accumulates in the body} \)
• D. \( \text{Drug gets completely metabolized in the liver.} \)

Hint:

Think of the kidneys as the body's waste disposal system for renally eliminated drugs. If the system fails, waste (drug and its breakdown products) builds up.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

If a drug is completely eliminated through the renal route, it means that the kidneys are solely responsible for its removal from the body, either through glomerular filtration, tubular secretion, or both. In a patient with renal failure, the kidney function is impaired, leading to a reduced ability to eliminate the drug. Consequently, the drug and its metabolites (if they are also renally eliminated) will accumulate in the body, potentially leading to increased drug levels, prolonged drug action, and adverse effects. Option A is incorrect as renal failure does not directly cause a drug to become completely protein bound. Option B is contradictory to the condition of renal failure. Option D might occur for some drugs as an alternative elimination pathway becomes more significant when the primary route is compromised, but accumulation of the drug and its metabolites is the more direct and general consequence of impaired renal elimination.