Question

"The base in the formation of new states should be linguistic diversity or the need of development." Write your opinion.

Hint:

When answering an opinion-based question, always present a balanced view. First, acknowledge the merits of the opposing viewpoint (the linguistic basis) and its historical importance. Then, build your argument for your chosen stance (the developmental basis) using contemporary examples like Telangana or Jharkhand.

Answer 1

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question asks for an opinion on the primary criterion for creating new states within India: should it be based on shared language and culture (linguistic diversity) or on administrative convenience and economic backwardness (need for development)?
Step 2: Detailed Opinion:
In my opinion, while linguistic and cultural identity was a valid and necessary basis for the initial reorganization of states in India, in the contemporary context, the need for development and better governance should be the primary consideration, though cultural factors cannot be completely ignored.
Argument for Linguistic Basis (Historical Context):
- After independence, reorganizing states on a linguistic basis, as recommended by the States Reorganisation Commission (1956), was a crucial step. It helped preserve distinct regional cultures and languages, reduced sources of conflict, and strengthened Indian unity by giving diverse groups a political voice. It successfully managed the potent force of linguistic identity within a democratic framework.
Argument for Development Basis (Contemporary Context):
- However, the challenges facing India today are different. Many demands for new states in recent decades have emerged from large, unwieldy states where specific regions feel neglected and underdeveloped.
- The creation of states like Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, and Uttarakhand in 2000 was based on arguments of distinct tribal identity coupled with economic backwardness and the need for focused governance. Similarly, the creation of Telangana in 2014 was driven by decades of struggle against perceived economic and political marginalization.
- Smaller states can often be governed more efficiently. A smaller administrative unit allows for better delivery of services, more focused development planning, and greater political accountability.
Balanced Conclusion (My Opinion):
- Therefore, a rigid adherence to only one criterion is impractical. The ideal approach should be a pragmatic and balanced one. The primary driver for creating a new state today should be a clear and demonstrable case of administrative and developmental need. If a large state is consistently unable to ensure equitable development across its regions, creating a smaller, more manageable state becomes a valid solution.
- Linguistic and cultural distinctiveness can be a powerful supporting factor, as it often provides the emotional and political coherence for the demand, but it should not be the sole basis. The ultimate goal must be to create administrative units that are viable, efficient, and capable of delivering better governance and inclusive development to their citizens.
Step 3: Final Answer:
My opinion is that while linguistic identity was historically important, the primary basis for forming new states today should be the need for development and administrative efficiency. A balanced approach that considers developmental backwardness, governance challenges, and cultural identity on a case-by-case basis is the most appropriate path forward.