Question

Sulcus vocalis.

Hint:

Sulcus vocalis can cause significant voice problems, but early diagnosis and therapy can improve vocal function and prevent further damage.

Answer 1

Step 1: Definition of Sulcus Vocalis:
Sulcus vocalis is a condition characterized by a groove or furrow in the vocal cords, which results in a loss of the normal vibratory motion of the vocal cords. This condition can cause hoarseness or a breathy voice, as the groove in the vocal cords disrupts the smooth airflow and vocal cord approximation necessary for normal voice production.

Step 2: Causes of Sulcus Vocalis:
The exact cause of sulcus vocalis is not always clear, but it is believed to result from:
1. Congenital: Some individuals are born with a sulcus or groove in their vocal cords, which can affect voice production.
2. Acquired: Trauma or vocal overuse can lead to the development of a sulcus in the vocal cords. Chronic inflammation, acid reflux, or previous surgeries to the vocal cords may also contribute to its development.

Step 3: Symptoms of Sulcus Vocalis:
1. Hoarseness: A breathy, raspy, or weak voice is the most common symptom.
2. Reduced Vocal Range: Individuals with sulcus vocalis often experience difficulty reaching higher or lower pitches.
3. Fatigue: There may be voice fatigue with prolonged speaking or singing due to the inefficient vocal cord vibration.

Step 4: Treatment Options:
1. Voice Therapy: Speech therapy with a voice specialist can help improve voice production and reduce strain on the vocal cords.
2. Surgical Management: In some cases, surgery may be required to remove the sulcus or improve the appearance of the vocal cords. Procedures such as vocal cord medialization or injection laryngoplasty may help restore better function.
3. Laser Surgery: For more severe cases, laser treatment may be used to remove or reduce the sulcus.