Sphincter of odd is present at
Junction of jejunum and duodenum
Ileo-caecal junction
Junction of hepato-pancreatic duct and duodenum
Gastro-oesophageal junction
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
The "Sphincter of Oddi" is a muscular valve that plays a crucial role in the digestive system. It controls the flow of digestive juices (bile and pancreatic juice) from the ampulla of Vater into the second part of the duodenum. Let's understand the context and the location where the Sphincter of Oddi is found to determine why the correct answer is the "Junction of hepato-pancreatic duct and duodenum."
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Understanding the Terminology:
The "Sphincter of Oddi" is located at the junction of the common bile duct and the pancreatic duct where they open into the duodenum through the ampulla of Vater. -
Junction of Hepato-pancreatic Duct and Duodenum:
The hepato-pancreatic duct is formed by the union of the common bile duct and the main pancreatic duct. The Sphincter of Oddi regulates the discharge of bile and pancreatic juice into the duodenum. -
Process of Digestion:
During digestion, the Sphincter of Oddi opens to allow bile and pancreatic juices to enter the duodenum, aiding in the digestion of fats and other nutrients. -
Ruling Out Other Options:
- Junction of jejunum and duodenum: No sphincter is specifically located here; it is a transition within the small intestine.
- Ileo-caecal junction: This is the location of the ileocecal valve, not related to bile or pancreatic juice secretion.
- Gastro-oesophageal junction: This contains the lower esophageal sphincter, which prevents acid reflux, not related to bile or pancreatic juices.
Thus, based on the anatomical function and location, the Sphincter of Oddi is correctly located at the "Junction of hepato-pancreatic duct and duodenum."
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Concepts Used:
Parts of the digestive system - Villi
Human Digestive System is the collection of organs that are responsible for digestion. It is a vital process that is driving the human race. The digestive system includes a digestive tract, which connects organs from the mouth to the large intestine.
Small Intestine
The Small intestine is an organ situated in the gastrointestinal tract where the food nutrients are absorbed completely. There is complete digestion of fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in the small intestine. It is the longest part of the alimentary canal ranging from 6 to 7.5 m. The small intestine of the human body is made up of three sections:
- Duodenum: It occurs in between the small intestine and jejunum.
- Jejunum: It is the second part of the small intestine. It is located in between the duodenum and ileum. There is the cell lining in the jejunum which is responsible for the absorption of nutrients. In this process, the surface area of the small intestine gradually increases because of the "villi". The villi are finger-like projections. Its function is to absorb some of the dietary nutrients such as amino acids, fatty acids, and sugars.
- Ileum: It is the third or the last part of the small intestine in the digestive system. It further opens into the large intestine.