Question

Read the paragraph below and answer the following question.
The famous isolation versus integration debate of the 1940s built upon this standard picture of tribal societies as isolated wholes. The isolationist side argued that tribals needed protection from traders, moneylenders and Hindu and Christian missionaries all of whom were intent on reducing tribals to detribalised landless labour. The integrationists, on the other hand, argued that tribals were merely backward Hindus, and their problems had to be addressed within the same framework as that of backward classes. This opposition dominated the Constituent Assembly debates, which were finally settled along the lines of a compromise which advocated welfare schemes that would enable controlled integration. The subsequent schemes for tribal development - five year plans, tribal sub-plans, tribal welfare blocks, special multipurpose area schemes all continue with this mode of thinking. But the basic issue here is that the integration of tribes has neglected their own needs or desires; integration has been on the terms of the mainstream society and for its own benefit. The tribal societies have had their lands, forests taken away and their communities shattered in the name of development.
Identify positive impact of interactional process with mainstream society:

• A. Statehood of Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh
• B. Rise of middle class among tribes
• C. Development of factories and mines in tribal areas
• D. Change in family structure

Hint:

When analyzing the impact of social integration, look for changes in economic status and social mobility within the community, such as the emergence of a middle class, which reflects a positive aspect of integration.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

The positive impact of integration with the mainstream society, as highlighted in the paragraph, includes the rise of the middle class among tribes. This indicates that the interaction with the mainstream society has allowed tribes to progress economically and socially, leading to a growing middle class within tribal communities. Other aspects like statehood and industrialization have had more complex effects, not always positive as per the context of the paragraph.