Which of the following causal analog transfer functions is used to design causal IIR digital filter with transfer function? $$ H(z) = \frac{0.05z}{z-e^{-0.42}} + \frac{0.05z}{z-e^{-0.2}} $$ Assume impulse invariance transformation with \( T = 0.1 \, \text{s} \).
The general solution of the differential equation $$ (y^2 + x + 1) \, dy = (y + 1) \, dx $$ is:
If the equation of the circle whose radius is 3 units and which touches internally the circle $$ x^2 + y^2 - 4x - 6y - 12 = 0 $$ at the point $(-1, -1)$ is $$ x^2 + y^2 + px + qy + r = 0, $$ then $p + q - r$ is: