Question

How will you prepare the following? (Write only chemical equations.)

(i) Benzene from benzoic acid:

(ii) Phthalimide from phthalic acid:

(iii) \( m \)-Nitrobenzaldehyde from benzaldehyde:

Hint:

Decarboxylation of carboxylic acids with soda lime produces hydrocarbons.

Answer 1

(i) Benzene from benzoic acid: \[ C_6H_5COOH + NaOH \xrightarrow{\Delta} C_6H_6 + Na_2CO_3 \]

(ii) Phthalimide from phthalic acid:

\[ C_6H_4(COOH)_2 \xrightarrow{NH_3, \Delta} C_6H_4(CO)NH \]

(iii) \( m \)-Nitrobenzaldehyde from benzaldehyde:

\[ C_6H_5CHO + HNO_3 \xrightarrow{Conc. H_2SO_4} C_6H_4(NO_2)CHO \]