Question

Opium wars held between

• A. India - China
• B. India - Britan
• C. China - Pakistan
• D. China - Britan

Hint:

- First Opium War (1839-1842): Britain vs. China. Resulted in Treaty of Nanking, ceding Hong Kong to Britain and opening treaty ports. - Second Opium War (Arrow War, 1856-1860): Britain and France vs. China. Resulted in Treaty of Tientsin and Convention of Peking, further opening China to foreign trade and influence. - The wars were centered around the British opium trade in China and China's attempts to stop it.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Step 1: Recall the context of the Opium Wars.
The Opium Wars were two armed conflicts fought in China in the mid-19th century.

Step 2: Identify the primary belligerents.
- First Opium War (1839-1842): Fought between China (Qing Dynasty) and Great Britain.
The conflict arose from China's attempts to suppress the opium trade, which British traders had been illegally exporting from India to China, and Britain's desire to open up Chinese markets and establish diplomatic equality.
- Second Opium War (Arrow War, 1856-1860): Fought by Britain and France against China.
It further extended Western influence in China.

Step 3: Evaluate the options.
Option (1) India - China: While opium was grown in British India and exported to China, India as a political entity (under British rule) was not a direct belligerent against China in the same way Britain was.
Option (2) India - Britan: This describes a colonial relationship or potential conflicts within the British Empire, not the Opium Wars.
Option (3) China - Pakistan: Pakistan did not exist as an independent country during the Opium Wars period.
Option (4) China - Britan: This correctly identifies the primary belligerents of the First Opium War, and Britain was also a key belligerent in the Second Opium War.

Step 4: Confirm the participants.
The Opium Wars were primarily fought between China and Britain (with France joining Britain in the Second Opium War).
This matches option (4).