Question

Mention four features of coalition government.

Hint:

When discussing coalition governments, it is useful to mention both the positive aspect (more representative and consensual) and the negative aspect (potential instability and policy paralysis) to provide a balanced answer.

Answer 1

Step 1: Key Concept:
A coalition government is a form of government in which two or more political parties cooperate to form a government. This usually occurs when no single party gets a clear majority in the legislature after an election.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Four key features of a coalition government are:
1. Formation by Multiple Parties: The primary feature is that the government is not formed by a single party but by an alliance of several parties that agree to work together. This alliance is necessary to command a majority in the legislature.
2. Based on a Common Minimum Programme (CMP): Since different parties in the coalition may have different ideologies, they formulate a CMP. This document outlines the common policies and goals that all partner parties agree to implement, serving as a guide for governance.
3. Potential for Instability: Coalition governments are often less stable than single-party majority governments. Disagreements on policies or the withdrawal of support by even a small partner party can lead to the collapse of the government.
4. Decision-making through Consultation and Compromise: The Prime Minister or Chief Minister in a coalition government does not have absolute authority. Policy decisions have to be made through a process of consultation, negotiation, and compromise among the coalition partners to ensure that the government survives.