Question

Matrix match: Match the items in the list with the appropriate compounds.

Matrix match

• i) Non-reducing disaccharide → c) Sucrose
• ii) Reducing disaccharide → e) Maltose
• iii) Aldohexose → b) Glucose
• iv) Ketohexose → a) Fructose
• v) Polysaccharide → d) Lactose

Hint:

Remember that reducing sugars can participate in reactions like reducing Fehling's solution, while non-reducing sugars cannot due to the glycosidic bond at the reducing end.

Answer 1

i) Non-reducing disaccharide: Sucrose is a non-reducing disaccharide because it does not reduce Fehling's solution. It is made up of glucose and fructose, but their reducing ends are involved in the glycosidic bond, making it non-reducing.

ii) Reducing disaccharide: Maltose is a reducing disaccharide because it has a free reducing end that can reduce Fehling's solution. It is made up of two glucose units.

iii) Aldohexose: Glucose is an aldohexose, which means it is a six-carbon sugar with an aldehyde group (-CHO) at one end.

iv) Ketohexose: Fructose is a ketohexose because it is a six-carbon sugar with a ketone group (-C=O) at the second carbon.

v) Polysaccharide: Lactose is a disaccharide, but polysaccharides like starch or cellulose would be examples of longer chains of sugars.

Thus, the correct matches are as follows:
- Non-reducing disaccharide → Sucrose
- Reducing disaccharide → Maltose
- Aldohexose → Glucose
- Ketohexose → Fructose
- Polysaccharide → Lactose