Amplitude Modulation (AM) is demodulated using an Envelope Detector, which traces the envelope of the modulated wave to retrieve the original signal.
Frequency Modulation (FM), on the other hand, requires a Slope Detector (or frequency discriminator) to convert frequency variations into amplitude variations, which can then be further processed.
Hence, the correct matching is:
- AM $\rightarrow$ Envelope Detector (P)
- FM $\rightarrow$ Slope Detector (Q)