Question

Match the following:

List-I (Hormones)	List-II (Functions)
A) Glucocorticoids	I) Control the carbohydrate metabolism
B) Mineralocorticoids	III) Control the level of excretion of water and salt by the kidneys
C) Progesterone	II) Prepares the uterus for implantation of fertilised egg
D) Estradiol	IV) In the control of menstrual cycle

• A. A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I
• B. A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III
• C. A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I
• D. A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II % Based on image, option 4 has same initial parts as 2

Hint:

Key hormone functions: - Glucocorticoids (e.g., Cortisol): Regulate carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism; stress response; anti-inflammatory. - Mineralocorticoids (e.g., Aldosterone): Regulate salt (Na\(^+\), K\(^+\)) and water balance via kidneys. - Progesterone: "Pregnancy hormone"; prepares uterus for implantation, maintains pregnancy. - Estradiol (an Estrogen): Female secondary sexual characteristics, regulates menstrual cycle, ovulation.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Let's match each hormone in List-I with its primary function from List-II.
A) Glucocorticoids (e.
g.
, cortisol): These are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex.
They have widespread effects on metabolism.
- They stimulate gluconeogenesis (synthesis of glucose from non-carbohydrate sources).
- They increase blood glucose levels.
- They promote protein breakdown and fat mobilization.
- They have anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects.
Function IV) "Control the carbohydrate metabolism" is a key function.
So, A matches with IV.
B) Mineralocorticoids (e.
g.
, aldosterone): These are steroid hormones produced by the adrenal cortex.
Their primary role is to regulate salt and water balance.
- Aldosterone acts on the kidneys to increase reabsorption of sodium (Na\(^+\)) and water, and increase excretion of potassium (K\(^+\)).
Function III) "Control the level of excretion of water and salt by the kidneys" is a key function.
So, B matches with III.
C) Progesterone: This is a steroid hormone primarily produced by the corpus luteum in the ovary after ovulation and by the placenta during pregnancy.
- It plays a crucial role in preparing the endometrium (uterine lining) for implantation of a fertilized egg.
- It maintains pregnancy.
- It inhibits uterine contractions during pregnancy.
Function II) "Prepares the uterus for implantation of fertilised egg" is a key function.
So, C matches with II.
D) Estradiol: This is the primary estrogen, a steroid hormone produced mainly by the ovaries in females.
- It is responsible for the development of female secondary sexual characteristics.
- It plays a key role in regulating the menstrual cycle (along with progesterone and other hormones like FSH and LH).
- It is involved in bone health, cardiovascular health, etc.
Function I) "In the control of menstrual cycle" is a key function.
So, D matches with I.
Matching sequence: A - IV B - III C - II D - I This corresponds to option (3).