Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
This question is based on Howard Gardner's Theory of Multiple Intelligences, which suggests that human intelligence is not a single, general ability but is composed of several distinct types. The options in List-II represent four of these intelligences.
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Let's match each profession in List-I with the most relevant intelligence from List-II:
(A) Poets and writers: Their primary skill is the mastery of language, including writing, speaking, and understanding complex meanings. This corresponds to (IV) Linguistic intelligence.
(B) Scientists: They excel in reasoning, recognizing patterns, analyzing problems logically, and performing mathematical calculations. This corresponds to (III) Logical-Mathematical intelligence.
(C) Philosophers and spiritual leaders: Their work involves deep introspection, self-reflection, and understanding of the human condition, one's own feelings, and motivations. This corresponds to (I) Intrapersonal intelligence (self-smart).
(D) Athletes, dancers and gymnasts: They possess exceptional control over their body movements and have excellent hand-eye coordination and dexterity. This corresponds to (II) Bodily-Kinaesthetic intelligence.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Based on the matching, the correct sequence is:
(A) maps to (IV), (B) maps to (III), (C) maps to (I), and (D) maps to (II).
This combination is given in option (D).