Question

Match LIST I with LIST II
\[ \begin{array}{|l|l|} \hline \textbf{LIST I} & \textbf{LIST II} \\ \hline A. \ \text{Splash erosion} & I. \ \text{Impact of falling rain} \\ B. \ \text{Time of concentration} & II. \ \text{Canopy of vegetation} \\ C. \ \text{Dicken's formula} & III. \ \text{Travel time to outlet} \\ D. \ \text{Interception} & IV. \ \text{Peak runoff rate} \\ \hline \end{array} \]
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:

• A. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II
• B. A-II, B-IV, C-I, D-III
• C. A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II
• D. A-I, B-III, C-IV, D-II

Hint:

Connect the concepts: Rain falls, some is caught by the plant \textbf{canopy} (\textbf{Interception}). The rest hits the ground causing \textbf{Splash erosion} (\textbf{Impact}). The resulting runoff takes time to travel to the \textbf{outlet} (\textbf{Time of concentration}). The maximum flow is the \textbf{Peak runoff rate}, which can be estimated by formulas like \textbf{Dicken's}.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Match each term in LIST I with its correct association in LIST II.
- A. Splash erosion: The detachment and movement of soil particles caused by the I. Impact of following rain drops. (Assuming "following" is a typo for "falling").
- B. Time of concentration (T\(_{c}\)): In hydrology, this is the time required for runoff to travel from the most remote point of a watershed to the III. Travel time to outlet. It is a critical parameter in runoff estimation.
- C. Dicken's formula: This is a regional empirical formula (\(Q = C A^{3/4}\)) used, particularly in India, to estimate the IV. Peak runoff rate (design flood) for a catchment.
- D. Interception: This is the process where precipitation is caught by the II. Canopy of vegetation (leaves, stems) and evaporates back into the atmosphere without ever reaching the ground.
Step 2: Compile the correct pairings.
- A \(\rightarrow\) I
- B \(\rightarrow\) III
- C \(\rightarrow\) IV
- D \(\rightarrow\) II
This combination corresponds to option (A).