Question

Match List-I with List-II and choose the correct answer: 

• A. A - III, B - IV, C - II, D - I
• B. A - III, B - I, C - IV, D - II
• C. A - III, B - II, C - IV, D - I
• D. A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II

Hint:

Nyaya Philosophy lists four Pramāṇas: Pratyaksha (Perception), Anumāna (Inference), Upamāna (Comparison), and Shabda (Verbal Testimony).

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

Step 1: Pratyaksham.
Pratyaksha means direct perception. It is knowledge gained directly through the senses.
Thus, it matches with Indriyārthasannikarṣaḥ (III).
Step 2: Anumitiḥ.
Anumiti refers to inference. It comes after perception and logical reasoning (Parāmarśa).
Hence, it matches with Parāmarśaḥ (IV).
Step 3: Upamitiḥ.
Upamiti means knowledge gained by comparison or analogy.
Therefore, it matches with Sadrishyagyanam (I).
Step 4: Shabdaḥ.
Shabda is verbal testimony, meaning knowledge gained from words of a reliable authority.
Hence, it matches with Āptopadeshaḥ (II).
Step 5: Conclusion.
So, the correct matching is: A - III, B - IV, C - I, D - II.