Read the following extract and complete the activities given below: Love is a great force in private life; it is indeed the greatest of all things; but love in public affairs does not work. It has been tried again and again; by the people of the Middle Ages, and also by the French Revolution, a secular movement which reasserted the Brotherhood of Man. And it has always failed. The idea that nations should love one another, or that business concerns or marketing boards should love one another or that a man in Portugal should love a man in Peru of whom he has never heard — it is absurd, unreal, dangerous. ‘Love is what is needed,’ we chant, and then sit back and the world goes on as before. The fact is we can only love what we know personally. And we cannot know much. In public affairs, in the rebuilding of civilization, something much less dramatic and emotional is needed, namely tolerance. Tolerance is a very dull virtue. It is boring. It is negative. It merely means putting up with people, being able to stand things. No one has ever written an ode to tolerance, or raised a statue to her. Yet this is the quality which will be most needed after the war. This is the sound state of mind which we are looking for. This is the only force which will enable different races and classes and interests to settle down together to the work of reconstruction.
The world is very full of people— appallingly full; it has never been so full before, and they are all tumbling over each other. Most of these people one doesn’t know and some of them one doesn’t like. Well, what is one to do? If you don’t like people, put up with them as well as you can. Don’t try to love them; you can’t. But try to tolerate them. On the basis of that tolerance a civilized future may be built. Certainly, I can see no other foundation for the post-war world.
Question: 1
Choose two correct alternatives which define the theme of the extract:
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The passage suggests that tolerance and patience are necessary for civilization rather than love alone, as seen in historical failures of love-based governance.
Love is a greater force in private as well as in public affairs.
To rebuild civilization we need tolerance more than love.
Patience is the solution in any sort of confrontation.
When you do not like people, nations or civilizations, you need to love them to change them.
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The Correct Option isB, C
Solution and Explanation
The passage emphasizes that love works in personal affairs but is not practical for public affairs. Instead, tolerance is needed for rebuilding civilization, and patience plays a key role in resolving confrontations.
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Question: 2
Complete the following table with the help of the extract: Give one merit and one demerit of ‘Love’ and ‘Patience’.
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The passage contrasts love and tolerance, explaining that while love is more personal, patience and tolerance are essential for a stable society.
According to the passage, love is valuable in private life but ineffective in public affairs. On the other hand, patience helps in handling conflicts but could sometimes result in stagnation if taken to extremes.
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Question: 3
Write how we can build up a civilized society with the help of the extract.
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According to the passage, tolerance helps different races and classes settle together, making it a key factor in building a civilized society.
A civilized society can be built on tolerance rather than love. Love is unrealistic for governing public affairs, but tolerance allows people to coexist peacefully despite differences. This approach ensures stability, cooperation, and long-term unity among different communities.
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Question: 4
‘Love and tolerance are the true indicators of a civilized person.’ Justify.
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The passage highlights that tolerance is more critical than love in maintaining a civilized society, as it helps people coexist peacefully.
A civilized person should exhibit both love and tolerance. While love is essential in personal life, tolerance is necessary for managing social and public affairs. A person who tolerates others' differences and remains patient in difficult situations contributes to peace and harmony in society.
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Question: 5
It has been tried again and again. (Identify the correct Active Voice of the above sentence from the given options and rewrite.)
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When converting passive to active voice, identify the doer of the action and restructure the sentence while keeping the tense unchanged.
In active voice, the subject performs the action. The given sentence is in the passive voice with present perfect tense ("has been tried"). The correct transformation retains the present perfect tense while making the subject explicit, which is achieved in Option (d).
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Question: 6
It is the sound state of mind which we are looking for. (Identify the correct simple sentence from the given options and rewrite.)
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A simple sentence should have only one independent clause and no subordinate clauses.
It is the sound state of mind and we are looking for it.
We are looking for the sound state of mind.
We are looking for it but it is the sound state of mind.
The sound state of mind is looked for.
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The Correct Option isB
Solution and Explanation
A simple sentence does not contain any dependent clauses. The given sentence is complex as it contains a relative clause ("which we are looking for"). The correct simplification removes the dependent clause while keeping the meaning intact, which is best represented by Option (b).
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Question: 7
Match the words in column ‘A’ with their meanings in column ‘B’.
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Matching words with their meanings helps to better understand the vocabulary and its usage in context. It is useful for building a stronger grasp on the language.
- Secular means "not connected with any religion." So, is matched with (c). - Absurd refers to something that is "not at all logical or sensible," so matches with (d). - Civilization refers to a "society which has its own highly developed culture and ways of life," so matches with (b). - Brotherhood is the "feeling of great friendship and understanding between people," so matches with (a). Correct Answer: (i) - (c), (ii) - (d), (iii) - (b), (iv) - (a).
