In fiber reinforced composites, the last constituent to fail is typically the matrix. The matrix material binds the fibers together and helps transfer loads. While the fibers are generally stronger and stiffer, they may still fracture under certain stress conditions. However, the matrix is more likely to undergo plastic deformation or fracture first, especially under conditions of high stress or temperature, as it tends to be less strong than the fibers themselves.
The fibers usually fail after the matrix, although the overall failure behavior of the composite depends on both the fiber and matrix properties.