Question

‘It is only war that makes people enemies.’ Analyse the theme of the lesson ‘The Enemy’ in the light of the above statement.

Hint:

Focus on how war distorts human relationships and how the protagonist’s compassion reasserts the importance of universal values over nationalistic hostility.

Answer 1

The Enemy by Pearl S. Buck powerfully illustrates how enmity is often a construct of war rather than a reflection of human nature. The protagonist, Dr. Sadao, a Japanese surgeon, finds himself treating an injured American prisoner of war—a man who, under normal circumstances, would be considered his enemy. However, the humanity of the situation transcends political divisions. Dr. Sadao’s decision to save the soldier is driven not by allegiance to his country but by a moral obligation to a fellow human being. His dilemma reflects the inner conflict between nationalism and compassion. Despite the fear of punishment and societal judgment, he cannot allow an injured man to die when he has the power to heal him. His wife, Hana, shares his fear but ultimately supports his humane choice. The story contrasts the constructed hatred brought on by war with the universal values of empathy, kindness, and ethical responsibility. It questions the idea that nationality should define relationships and highlights the artificiality of boundaries created by conflict. Through Dr. Sadao’s actions, Buck asserts that war may label people as enemies, but it is compassion and shared humanity that define true moral choices. The narrative reminds readers that the real enemy is not a person, but prejudice, hatred, and fear created by war.