Question

Is immunity hereditary?

• A. Yes, maternal derived
• B. Yes, paternal derived
• C. Non-hereditary
• D. Maternal and paternal derived

Hint:

• The genetic blueprint for the immune system is inherited from both parents.
• Innate immunity components are genetically determined.
• Specific adaptive immunity (e.g., antibodies against a particular virus after infection or vaccination) is acquired during an individual's lifetime and is generally not passed on genetically to offspring.
• Passive immunity involves transfer of pre-formed antibodies (e.g., maternal antibodies to child), which is temporary.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

The concept of immunity refers to the body's ability to resist harmful microorganisms from entering it. It is generally understood through both innate (non-specific) and adaptive (specific) immune responses. While certain elements contribute to immunity, these are not directly passed down genetically from parents to offspring in the way traditional hereditary traits are.

To determine if immunity is hereditary, it is crucial to understand the mechanisms by which it operates:

• Innate Immunity: This is the immediate first line of defense and is genetically fixed. However, it is not inherited in the sense of receiving the immunity itself from parents; it's built into the genetic framework of the individual from conception.
• Adaptive Immunity: This involves the development of specific antibodies and memory cells after exposure to a pathogen or vaccination. These adaptations are not encoded in DNA for inheritance, as they are acquired responses specific to the individual.

While the mother can pass antibodies temporarily to her child through the placenta during pregnancy and breastfeeding, these maternal antibodies provide only temporary protection and do not alter the child’s genetic makeup.

Given this understanding, the correct conclusion is that immunity is Non-hereditary. Immunity involves complex interactions and adaptations that are environmental and experiential, not genetic inheritances from either parent.