The quick ratio, also known as the acid test ratio, is a financial metric used to measure a company’s ability to meet its short-term liabilities with its most liquid assets. It is calculated as:
\[
\text{Quick Ratio} = \frac{\text{Current Assets - Inventory}}{\text{Current Liabilities}}
\]
This ratio excludes inventory from current assets since inventory is less liquid compared to other current assets.
The other options are defined as follows:
Current ratio: Measures the ability to pay short-term obligations, including inventory, using current assets.
Gross profit ratio: Indicates the profitability of a company based on sales revenue.
Return on investment ratio: Measures the return generated on investments.
Hence, the correct answer is (B) Quick ratio.