Question

What will be the effect on electricity generation, if the channel taking water to turbine starts at point A? 
 

Hint:

Higher head (greater vertical drop) increases the available mechanical power for a hydro turbine, increasing electrical output if equipment limits are not exceeded.

Answer 1

Point A is at a higher water level than point B, so water starting from A has greater gravitational potential energy. When this water flows through the penstock to the turbine, the larger head produces higher water pressure and greater kinetic energy at the turbine runner, causing the turbine to rotate with more torque and speed. As a result the generator delivers more electrical power, provided the turbine and generator are rated to utilise the increased flow and head and the system can safely handle the higher pressure.