In which of the following systems will be radius of the first orbit (n=1) be minimum:
- Doubly ionized lithium
- Singly ionized helium
- Deuterium atom
- Hydrogen atom
The Correct Option is A
Solution and Explanation
Radius of the orbit of an atom \(r_n = 0.529 Å(\frac {n^2}{Z})\)
Where Z is the atomic number.
For the first orbit n = 1
Then, \(r_1 =\frac { 0.529 Å}{Z}\)
⟹ \(r_1∝\frac{1}{Z}\)
Since Z is at its maximum value in the case of doubly ionized lithium, this results in the smallest radius for the first orbit in doubly ionized lithium.
So, the correct option is (A): Doubly ionized lithium.
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Concepts Used:
Nuclei
In the year 1911, Rutherford discovered the atomic nucleus along with his associates. It is already known that every atom is manufactured of positive charge and mass in the form of a nucleus that is concentrated at the center of the atom. More than 99.9% of the mass of an atom is located in the nucleus. Additionally, the size of the atom is of the order of 10-10 m and that of the nucleus is of the order of 10-15 m.
Read More: Nuclei
Following are the terms related to nucleus:
- Atomic Number
- Mass Number
- Nuclear Size
- Nuclear Density
- Atomic Mass Unit