Question

In the stomach, gastric acid is secreted by the :

• A. Parietal cells
• B. Peptic cells
• C. Acidic cells
• D. Gastrin secreting cells

Answer 1

The Correct Option is A

The stomach's production of hydrochloric acid is controlled by parietal cells. The pH of the stomach is brought down to 1.5 to 2.5 by gastric acid.

In the presence of an acidic pH, this secretion is critical for the function of stomach enzymes. 

Additionally, it is crucial for eliminating any pathogens that may be present in the food. 

In the stomach mucosa, there are many tiny tubular glands. The epithelium of the gastric glands contains parietal cells, which are more prevalent on the side walls of the glands. They are also known as oxyntic cells because eosin causes them to stain so dramatically. They release hydrochloric acid and castle intrinsic factors, both of which are necessary for vitamin B12 absorption. In the stomach, HCl maintains a highly acidic pH of 1.5 to 2.5. This eliminates germs as well as any other potentially hazardous organisms that could be present in food.

Parietal or oxyntic cells release intrinsic factors and HCl, which causes the stomach's pH to be very acidic. Pepsinogen, which is secreted by parietal glands and changed into pepsin by hydrochloric acid, is also produced. Protein is digested as a result of pepsin. Protein digestion will be directly impacted if parietal cells stop functioning.

Answer 2

The correct answer is Option A) Parietal cells

Real Life Applications

• All meals, especially proteins, and many beverages increase the production of gastric acid; the most strong beverages are milk and fermented foods like beer and wine. 
• Some medical procedures, including the treatment of ulcers, include the use of gastric acid. 
• The acid can destroy the germs that cause ulcers and aid in destroying any scar tissue that can develop around an ulcer. 

Question can also be asked as

1. What cells in the stomach secrete gastric acid? 
2. What is the source of gastric acid in the stomach? 
3. Where in the stomach is gastric acid produced?
4. Which cells in the stomach produce gastric acid?
5. What stimulates gastric acid secretion? 
6. What inhibits gastric acid secretion? 
7. What are the functions of gastric acid? 
8. What are the consequences of excessive gastric acid secretion?

Answer 3

The food that we eat is a complex compound that needs to be simplified. Digestion is the breakdown of complex food into simpler molecules that can be absorbed is called digestion. Human digestive system is also called the alimentary canal. It consists of all the organs and glands that are involved in the digestion of food. 

Parts of stomach 

Stomach is a muscular, J shaped organ that is on the left side of the upper part of the abdomen. It is the place where food gets stored for some time, there are three layers of smooth muscles:

• Outer longitudinal 
• Middle circular 
• Inner oblique fibres 

Parts of the stomach  

There are four parts: Cardiac, fundus, body and pyloric 

Cardiac: It is the upper region of the stomach. The opening is called cardiac aperture and opening consists of a valve which is called the cardiac sphincter. 

Fundus: It is above the cardiac part and is dome shaped. 

Body: it is the middlemost part of the stomach 

Pyloric: it is the lowest region of the stomach. It transfers food from the stomach to the small intestine called the pyloric canal. 

Layers of the stomach 

There are four different layers of stomach: 

• Mucosa 
• Sub mucosa
• Muscularis 
• Serosa 

Enzymes of stomach 

The various enzyme are as follows: 

• Mucus is secreted by the goblet cells. It protects the cell wall from HCl. 
• HCL is the acid that is secreted by the oxyntic cell. 
• Pepsinogen is the protein digesting enzyme. 

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