In the sentences 1 through 4, in which one(s) a) entails b)?
Sentences:
1. a) Rama plays a string instrument. b) Rama is a violinist.
2. a) Hutolu sings. b) Hutolu is melodious.
3. a) Fido is a Dalmatian. b) Fido is a dog.
4. a) Students don't study. b) Linguistics students do not study.
1. a) Rama plays a string instrument. b) Rama is a violinist.
2. a) Hutolu sings. b) Hutolu is melodious.
3. a) Fido is a Dalmatian. b) Fido is a dog.
4. a) Students don't study. b) Linguistics students do not study.
Show Hint
- 1a entails 1b
- 2a entails 2b
- 3a entails 3b
- 4a entails 4b
The Correct Option is C, D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Define entailment.
Entailment means: if statement (a) is true, then statement (b) must also be true.
Step 2: Check each pair.
(1) "Rama plays a string instrument" does not necessarily mean "Rama is a violinist." He could play a sitar, guitar, etc. $\Rightarrow$ No entailment.
(2) "Hutolu sings" does not guarantee that he is melodious (he could sing badly). $\Rightarrow$ No entailment.
(3) "Fido is a Dalmatian" necessarily means "Fido is a dog" (Dalmatian is a type of dog). $\Rightarrow$ Entailment holds.
(4) "Students don't study" entails that "Linguistics students (a subset of students) don't study." If the general set doesn't study, the subset also doesn't. $\Rightarrow$ Entailment holds.
\[ \boxed{\text{Correct Answer: (C) and (D)}} \]
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