Question

In the electrolysis of molten NaCl, the substance liberated at the cathode is:

• A. Cl_2
• B. Na
• C. H_2
• D. O_2

Hint:

Remember: An Ox and Red Cat. - Anode = Oxidation (Loss of electrons) - Reduction = Cathode (Gain of electrons) In molten salts, the metal cation always reduces to the metal at the cathode.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B

Concept: Electrolysis is the process of decomposing ionic compounds into their elements by passing a direct electric current through the compound in a fluid form.
Cathode: The negative electrode where reduction (gain of electrons) occurs. 
Anode: The positive electrode where oxidation (loss of electrons) occurs. 

Step 1: Identify the ions present in molten \( NaCl \).
In the molten state, Sodium Chloride dissociates into Sodium ions (\( Na+ \)) and Chloride ions (\( Cl- \)). 

Step 2: Determine the reaction at the cathode.
The positively charged cations (\( Na+ \)) migrate towards the negative electrode (cathode). At the cathode, they gain electrons (reduction) to form sodium metal: \[ Na+ + e- \rightarrow Na(l) \]