The diagram given below shows the electroplating of a spoon with silver. With reference to the diagram, answer the following questions.
(a) Write an equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode.
(b) Silver nitrate solution is not preferred as an electrolyte in the above process. Give a reason.
(c) Why is alternating current not used in the process?
(d) What is the observation at the anode?
The diagram given below shows the electroplating of a spoon with silver. With reference to the diagram, answer the following questions.
(a) Write an equation for the reaction that occurs at the cathode.
(b) Silver nitrate solution is not preferred as an electrolyte in the above process. Give a reason.
(c) Why is alternating current not used in the process?
(d) What is the observation at the anode?
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Solution and Explanation
(a) Cathode Reaction: The silver ions migrate to the spoon (cathode) and gain electrons to deposit as metal. [ Ag^+ + e^- Ag(s) ]
(b) Reason for avoiding (AgNO_3): Silver nitrate is a strong electrolyte and causes very rapid migration of ions. This leads to an uneven, loose, and non-uniform coating. Sodium argentocyanide (Na[Ag(CN)_2]) provides a slow and steady supply of silver ions, ensuring a smooth and firm plate.
(c) Why AC is not used: Alternating current (AC) reverses polarity periodically. This would cause the metal to deposit during one half-cycle and dissolve back into the solution during the next, resulting in no net electroplating.
(d) Observation at Anode: The silver block (anode) gradually decreases in size/mass as silver atoms lose electrons and enter the solution as ions (Ag Ag^+ + e^-).
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