Question

In the definition of psychology, the mental process means:

• A. Facial expression
• B. Outward or overt actions and reactions
• C. Internal, covert process
• D. Only human behavior

Hint:

Remember the distinction: If you can {see} it, it's a {behavior}. If you have to {infer} it (like thinking or feeling), it's a {mental process}.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is C

Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
The question asks for the definition of "mental processes" as the term is used in the modern definition of psychology (the scientific study of behavior and mental processes).
Step 2: Detailed Explanation:
Psychology studies two main things:
Behavior: This includes all of our outward or overt actions and reactions, such as talking, facial expressions, and movement.
Mental Processes: This refers to all the internal, hidden (covert) activity of our minds, such as thinking, feeling, remembering, and problem-solving. These processes cannot be directly observed by others.
(A) Facial expression is an example of overt behavior.
(B) Outward or overt actions and reactions is the definition of behavior, not mental processes.
(C) Internal, covert process is the correct definition of a mental process.
(D) Only human behavior is an incorrect limitation, as psychology studies both human and animal behavior and mental processes.
Step 3: Final Answer:
Mental processes are the internal, covert processes of the mind.