As per IS 456 : 2000, Limit state of collapse – flexure, the maximum strain in reinforcing bars under tension at failure shall not be less than ……… , where \( f_y \) is the characteristic strength of steel and \( E_s \) is the Modulus of elasticity of steel.
The bulking of the sand is increased in volume from 20% to 40% of various sand and moisture content ranges from ……… to ……….. percent.
