If the reaction sequence given below is carried out with 15 moles of acetylene, the amount of the product D formed (in g) is _____. The yields of A, B, C and D are given in parentheses. [Given: Atomic mass of H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Cl = 35]
Molecular weight = \(C_8H_8O_2\) = 12 x 8 + 1 x 8 + 16 x 2 = 96 + 8 + 32 = 136 Moles of product (D) formed \(\frac{15}{3}\) x 0.8 x 0.5 x 0.5 =\(\frac{3}{3}\) = 1 ∴ Weight of product (D) = 1 x 136 = 136 g
In organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Alkynes are an organic molecule that contains triple bonds between the carbon atoms. Its general formula is CnH2n-2. They are also known as acetylenes. In this article, we will deal with the structure of alkynes.
Isomerism in Alkynes:
Alkynes show three types of isomerism
Chain isomerism - Due to the different arrangement of carbon atoms in the chain that is straight chain or branched.
Position isomerism - Due to the difference in the location of the triple bond.
Functional isomerism - Isomeric with alkadienes both being represented by the general formula CnH2n-1.
Properties of Alkynes:
Physical Properties:
Non-polar, unsaturated hydrocarbons.
Highly soluble in organic and non-polar solvents and slightly soluble in polar solvents.
High boiling point, in comparison to other hydrocarbons.
Release a high amount of energy due to the repulsion of electrons in a reaction.
More acidic than alkanes and alkenes due to SP hybridization.
Chemical Properties:
Hydrogenation - Alkynes undergoes two types of hydrogenation reactions. Complete hydrogenation (in presence of Pd-C/ H2) and partial hydrogenation (in presence of Linder’s catalyst/H2).
Act as a strong nucleophile by converting into acetylide.
React with BH3 and undergo hydroboration reactions to form aldehydes and ketones.
Undergo halogenation reactions in the presence of different halogenating agents by different mechanisms and forms haloalkanes.
