Question:

If the reaction sequence given below is carried out with 15 moles of acetylene, the amount of the product D formed (in g) is _____.

Reaction

The yields of A, B, C and D are given in parentheses.
[Given: Atomic mass of H = 1, C = 12, O = 16, Cl = 35]

Updated On: Jul 4, 2024
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Approach Solution - 1

Molecular weight = \(C_8H_8O_2\) 
= 12 x 8 + 1 x 8 + 16 x 2 = 96 + 8 + 32 = 136 
Moles of product (D) formed 
\(\frac{15}{3}\) x 0.8 x 0.5 x 0.5 =\(\frac{3}{3}\) = 1  
∴ Weight of product (D) = 1 x 136 = 136 g

15 moles of acetylene

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Approach Solution -2

15 moles of acetylene, the amount of the product D formed is
The molecular formula of D is C8H8O2

Molar mass of D is (12×8+8×1+16×2) = 136 g

∴ The mass of D is 136

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Concepts Used:

Alkynes

In organic chemistry, an alkyne is an unsaturated hydrocarbon containing at least one carbon-carbon triple bond. Alkynes are an organic molecule that contains triple bonds between the carbon atoms. Its general formula is CnH2n-2. They are also known as acetylenes. In this article, we will deal with the structure of alkynes.

Isomerism in Alkynes:

Alkynes show three types of isomerism

  1. Chain isomerism - Due to the different arrangement of carbon atoms in the chain that is straight chain or branched.
  2. Position isomerism - Due to the difference in the location of the triple bond.
  3. Functional isomerism - Isomeric with alkadienes both being represented by the general formula CnH2n-1. 

Properties of Alkynes:

Physical Properties:

  • Non-polar, unsaturated hydrocarbons.
  • Highly soluble in organic and non-polar solvents and slightly soluble in polar solvents.
  • High boiling point, in comparison to other hydrocarbons.
  • Release a high amount of energy due to the repulsion of electrons in a reaction.
  • More acidic than alkanes and alkenes due to SP hybridization.

Chemical Properties:

  • Hydrogenation - Alkynes undergoes two types of hydrogenation reactions. Complete hydrogenation (in presence of Pd-C/ H2) and partial hydrogenation (in presence of Linder’s catalyst/H2).
  • Act as a strong nucleophile by converting into acetylide. 
  • React with BH3 and undergo hydroboration reactions to form aldehydes and ketones.
  • Undergo halogenation reactions in the presence of different halogenating agents by different mechanisms and forms haloalkanes.