Question

The word articulate here refers to

Answer 1

In the passage, the author refers to "the more articulate members of a community" who could form a coherent and united class with a common interest. This class is described as an intelligent, educated minority.
The context clearly implies that “articulate” means people who are well-educated and capable of clear thought and reasoning, and possibly leadership.
Let’s examine the options:
- Option 1 (the elite) — too vague and not necessarily educated.
- Option 2 (native intelligence) — intelligence alone is not emphasized; education is key.
- Option 3 (well-educated class) — directly aligns with “intelligent, educated minority.”
- Option 4 (clarity of speech) — literal meaning of articulate, but in context, it's about education and leadership, not just speech.
Thus, Option 3 is the most accurate.

Answer 2

The author critiques democracy by stating that democracies of the modern world are closer to mob rule than to the governance of an educated minority.
A key line:
"Democracies of the modern world are much closer to this fate [mob rule] than they are to the much-canvassed dangers of mob rule."
The passage argues that, contrary to belief, democracy enables more scope for the masses (or mobs) to rule rather than educated minorities.
Analyzing the options:
- Option 1 is false — democracy, not other systems, enables mob influence.
- Option 2 correctly states democracy allows more mob rule — matches author’s message.
- Option 3 is incorrect — author argues against minority rule in democracies.
- Option 4 is false — other systems may, but the paragraph doesn’t support this directly.
Therefore, Option 2 is correct.

Answer 3

The passage ends by stating:
"This is the lesson of experience. It might also have been derived from an analysis of the concept of democracy, if the concept had been accurately analyzed."
This implies that our current appreciation of democracy is not based on accurate analysis, but on a false or illusory understanding. We believe in its virtues because of a misunderstood or superficially analyzed concept.
Evaluating options:
- Option 1 fits the idea of illusion or lack of accurate analysis — correct.
- Option 2 about negative response — not discussed.
- Option 3 about proven success — passage critiques democracy, not praises success.
- Option 4 about research — no mention of long-term research backing our appreciation.
Thus, Option 1 is correct.

Answer 4

The passage states:
"This is the lesson of experience. It might also have been derived from an analysis of the concept of democracy, if the concept had been accurately analyzed."
This indicates that understanding how democracy gives scope to minorities requires a proper analysis of its concept, not just common sense, intuition, or political theory.
Evaluating options:
- Option 1 (common sense) — insufficient for understanding such a complex topic.
- Option 2 (political theories) — may provide insight but not emphasized in the passage.
- Option 3 (native intelligence) — again, not enough.
- Option 4 (proper analysis) — exactly matches the author's statement.
Thus, Option 4 is correct.

Answer 5

The tone of the passage is critical of democracy’s outcomes in modern times. The author is not praising democracy or mob rule but is examining how democracy has allowed more scope for majority rule at the cost of the educated minority.
Key evidence:
"Far from oppressing the cultured minority... democracy gives more of them scope to have their way."
This indicates the author is critiquing how democracy functions, pointing out its flaws in practice, rather than supporting or opposing any ideology outright.
Analyzing the options:
- Option 1 (mob rule supporter) — false; the author fears mob rule.
- Option 2 (democracy supporter) — not evident; the author is critical.
- Option 3 (against intelligence) — false; the author defends the intelligent minority.
- Option 4 — matches the author’s critical, analytical tone.
Thus, Option 4 is correct.

Answer 6

The author discusses how democracy is closer to mob rule and gives more power to the masses than to the educated minority.
“Proletariat rule” refers to rule by the working class or common people — similar to the mob rule feared by the author.
The key phrase:
"Democracies of the modern world are much closer to this fate [mob rule] than they are to... dangers of mob rule."
Thus, democracy is vulnerable to rule by the masses — proletariat rule.
Evaluating options:
- Option 1 (extinction) — not mentioned.
- Option 2 (proletariat rule danger) — matches passage concerns.
- Option 3 (mob rule inevitability) — too extreme; vulnerability is emphasized, not inevitability.
- Option 4 (particular class) — the passage suggests the opposite — masses are ruling, not an elite class.
Therefore, Option 2 is correct.