Identify, what does the shaded area (change in EFG), in the given figure indicate?

I. Consumption > Income
II. Saving = Zero (0)
III. Consumption < Income
IV. Saving < Zero (0)
The shaded area (EFG) typically represents a situation where savings are zero or negative, and consumption is either greater than or less than income:
II: Saving = Zero (0): At the equilibrium point where consumption equals income, savings are zero.
III: Consumption < Income: When the shaded area shows consumption below income, it indicates that savings are positive (but might be in a negative savings area in other sections).
Therefore, the correct options are (B) II and III or (C) III and IV.
Conclusion: The shaded area indicates either zero savings or a situation where consumption is less than income, leading to a negative savings situation.
| Year | Nominal GDP (in ₹ crores) | Real GDP (Adjusted to base year prices, in ₹ crores) |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 – 21 | \( 3{,}000 \) | \( 5{,}000 \) |
| 2022 – 23 | \( 4{,}000 \) | \( 6{,}000 \) |
Eight students (P, Q, R, S, T, U, V, and W) are playing musical chairs. The figure indicates their order of position at the start of the game. They play the game by moving forward in a circle in the clockwise direction.
After the 1st round, the 4th student behind P leaves the game.
After the 2nd round, the 5th student behind Q leaves the game.
After the 3rd round, the 3rd student behind V leaves the game.
After the 4th round, the 4th student behind U leaves the game.
Who all are left in the game after the 4th round?

The following figures show three curves generated using an iterative algorithm. The total length of the curve generated after 'Iteration n' is:

Two players \( A \) and \( B \) are playing a game. Player \( A \) has two available actions \( a_1 \) and \( a_2 \). Player \( B \) has two available actions \( b_1 \) and \( b_2 \). The payoff matrix arising from their actions is presented below:

Let \( p \) be the probability that player \( A \) plays action \( a_1 \) in the mixed strategy Nash equilibrium of the game.
Then the value of p is (round off to one decimal place).
Here are two analogous groups, Group-I and Group-II, that list words in their decreasing order of intensity. Identify the missing word in Group-II.
Abuse \( \rightarrow \) Insult \( \rightarrow \) Ridicule
__________ \( \rightarrow \) Praise \( \rightarrow \) Appreciate