Question:
Identify the molecule (X) with maximum number of lone pairs of electrons (obtained using Lewis dot structure) among HNO₃, H₂SO₄, NF₃, and O₃. Choose the correct bond angle made by the central atom of the molecule (X).
Identify the molecule (X) with maximum number of lone pairs of electrons (obtained using Lewis dot structure) among HNO₃, H₂SO₄, NF₃, and O₃. Choose the correct bond angle made by the central atom of the molecule (X).
Show Hint
In NF₃, the bond angle (102°) is smaller than in NH₃ (107°) because the highly electronegative F atoms pull the bonding electrons away from the central atom, reducing bond-pair bond-pair repulsion.
Updated On: Feb 4, 2026
- 116°
- 120°
- 107°
- 102°
Hide Solution
Verified By Collegedunia
The Correct Option is D
Solution and Explanation
Step 1: Understanding the Concept:
To identify molecule (X), we must count the total number of lone pairs on all atoms in the Lewis structures of the given molecules. Then, we determine the geometry and bond angle of that specific molecule.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
1. Total lone pairs = (Sum of lone pairs on central atom and all peripheral atoms).
2. VSEPR theory determines the bond angle.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
- HNO₃: Total 8 lone pairs (1 on N, 2 on each double-bonded O, 3 on single-bonded O).
- H₂SO₄: Total 8 lone pairs (2 on each double-bonded O, 2 on each -OH oxygen).
- O₃: Total 6 lone pairs.
- NF₃: Total 10 lone pairs (1 on N and 3 on each of the 3 F atoms).
Thus, (X) is NF₃.
In NF₃, Nitrogen has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair ($sp^3$ hybridized). Due to high electronegativity of Fluorine, the lone pair-bond pair repulsion is significant, and the bond pairs are pulled closer to F, reducing the F-N-F angle significantly below the tetrahedral 109.5°. The experimental value is approximately 102°.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The molecule (X) is NF₃ and the bond angle is 102°.
To identify molecule (X), we must count the total number of lone pairs on all atoms in the Lewis structures of the given molecules. Then, we determine the geometry and bond angle of that specific molecule.
Step 2: Key Formula or Approach:
1. Total lone pairs = (Sum of lone pairs on central atom and all peripheral atoms).
2. VSEPR theory determines the bond angle.
Step 3: Detailed Explanation:
- HNO₃: Total 8 lone pairs (1 on N, 2 on each double-bonded O, 3 on single-bonded O).
- H₂SO₄: Total 8 lone pairs (2 on each double-bonded O, 2 on each -OH oxygen).
- O₃: Total 6 lone pairs.
- NF₃: Total 10 lone pairs (1 on N and 3 on each of the 3 F atoms).
Thus, (X) is NF₃.
In NF₃, Nitrogen has 3 bond pairs and 1 lone pair ($sp^3$ hybridized). Due to high electronegativity of Fluorine, the lone pair-bond pair repulsion is significant, and the bond pairs are pulled closer to F, reducing the F-N-F angle significantly below the tetrahedral 109.5°. The experimental value is approximately 102°.
Step 4: Final Answer:
The molecule (X) is NF₃ and the bond angle is 102°.
Was this answer helpful?
0
0
Top Questions on coordination compounds
- Given below are two statements:
Statement I: The number of paramagnetic species among $[\mathrm{CoF_6}]^{3-}$, $[\mathrm{TiF_6}]^{3-}$, $\mathrm{V_2O_5}$ and $[\mathrm{Fe(CN)_6}]^{3-}$ is 3.
Statement II: $ \mathrm{K_4[Fe(CN)_6]}<\mathrm{K_3[Fe(CN)_6]}<\mathrm{[Fe(H_2O)_6]SO_4 \cdot H_2O}<\mathrm{[Fe(H_2O)_6]Cl_3} $ is the correct order in terms of number of unpaired electrons.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- JEE Main - 2026
- Chemistry
- coordination compounds
- Consider a mixture $X$ which is made by dissolving $0.4$ mol of $[\mathrm{Co(NH_3)_5SO_4}]Br$ and $0.4$ mol of $[\mathrm{Co(NH_3)_5Br}]SO_4$ in water to make $4$ L of solution. When $2$ L of mixture $X$ is allowed to react with excess $\mathrm{AgNO_3}$, it forms precipitate $Y$. The rest $2$ L of mixture $X$ reacts with excess $\mathrm{BaCl_2}$ to form precipitate $Z$. Which of the following statements is CORRECT?
- JEE Main - 2026
- Chemistry
- coordination compounds
- Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Hybridisation, shape and spin only magnetic moment of $\mathrm{K_3[Co(CO_3)_3]}$ is $sp^3d^2$, octahedral and $4.9$ BM respectively.
Statement II: Geometry, hybridisation and spin only magnetic moment values (BM) of the ions $\mathrm{[Ni(CN)_4]^{2-}}$, $\mathrm{[MnBr_4]^{2-}}$ and $\mathrm{[CoF_6]^{3-}}$ respectively are square planar, tetrahedral, octahedral; $dsp^2$, $sp^3$, $sp^3d^2$ and $0$, $5.9$, $4.9$.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below:
- JEE Main - 2026
- Chemistry
- coordination compounds
- Which of the following statements regarding the energy of the stationary state is true in the following one-electron systems ?
- JEE Main - 2026
- Chemistry
- coordination compounds
- A cup of water at 5°C (system) is placed in a microwave oven and the oven is turned on for one minute during which the water begins to boil. Which of the following option is true ?
- JEE Main - 2026
- Chemistry
- coordination compounds
View More Questions
Questions Asked in JEE Main exam
A meter bridge with two resistances \( R_1 \) and \( R_2 \) as shown in figure was balanced (null point) at 40 cm from the point \( P \). The null point changed to 50 cm from the point \( P \), when a \( 16\,\Omega \) resistance is connected in parallel to \( R_2 \). The values of resistances \( R_1 \) and \( R_2 \) are
- JEE Main - 2026
- Meter Bridge
- The volume of an ideal gas increases \( 8 \) times and the temperature becomes \( \frac{1}{4} \) of the initial temperature during a reversible change.
If there is no exchange of heat in this process \( (\Delta Q = 0) \), then identify the gas from the following options (assuming the gases given in the options are ideal gases):
- JEE Main - 2026
- Laws of thermodynamics
- Given below are two statements:
Statement I: Pressure of a fluid is exerted only on a solid surface in contact as the fluid-pressure does not exist everywhere in a still fluid.
Statement II: Excess potential energy of the molecules on the surface of a liquid, when compared to interior, results in surface tension.
In the light of the above statements, choose the correct answer from the options given below- JEE Main - 2026
- mechanical properties of fluid
- Consider an equilateral prism (refractive index \( \sqrt{2} \)). A ray of light is incident on its one surface at a certain angle \( i \). If the emergent ray is found to graze along the other surface, then the angle of refraction at the incident surface is close to
- JEE Main - 2026
- Relative Velocity
- A \(7.9\ \text{MeV}\) \(\alpha\)-particle scatters from a target material of atomic number \(79\). From the given data, the estimated diameter of the nuclei of the target material is (approximately) _________ m. \[ \left[\frac{1}{4\pi\varepsilon_0}=9\times10^9\ \text{Nm}^2\text{/C}^2 \text{ and electron charge }=1.6\times10^{-19}\ \text{C}\right] \]
- JEE Main - 2026
- Nuclear physics
View More Questions