Question

Identify the incorrect statement.

• A. CAM plants close their stomata during daytime.
• B. Seals have a thick layer of fat to reduce body heat.
• C. Lizards bask in the sun during winter.
• D. tribes living in high altitude have the same RBC count as people living in the plains.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is B, D

Let's evaluate each statement:

CAM plants close their stomata during the daytime:

• This statement is correct. CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) plants, like succulents, open their stomata at night to minimize water loss and perform carbon fixation, and they keep their stomata closed during the day to conserve water.

Seals have a thick layer of fat to reduce body heat:

• This statement is incorrect. Seals have a thick layer of fat (blubber) to insulate their bodies and retain heat, not to reduce body heat. This adaptation helps them survive in cold marine environments.

Lizards bask in the sun during winter:

• This statement is correct. Lizards, being cold-blooded, need external heat sources to regulate their body temperature. During colder months, they bask in the sun to warm up.

Tribes living in high altitudes have the same RBC count as people living in the plains:

• This statement is incorrect. People living at high altitudes typically have a higher RBC (red blood cell) count compared to those living in plains. This is due to the lower oxygen levels at higher altitudes, which stimulate the production of more red blood cells to increase oxygen-carrying capacity.

The incorrect statements are B and D.

The correct answer is both (B) : Seals have a thick layer of fat to reduce body heat and (D) : tribes living in high altitude have the same RBC count as people living in the plains.

Answer 2

Let's evaluate each statement to identify the incorrect one: 

• "CAM plants close their stomata during daytime." CAM (Crassulacean Acid Metabolism) is an adaptation found in many succulent plants living in arid conditions. To conserve water, these plants open their stomata during the cooler night to take in CO₂ and fix it into organic acids. During the hot, dry daytime, they close their stomata to minimize water loss and release the stored CO₂ internally for photosynthesis using sunlight. This statement is correct.
• "Seals have a thick layer of fat to reduce body heat." Seals are mammals living in cold aquatic environments. They possess a thick layer of subcutaneous fat called blubber. This blubber acts as an excellent insulator, reducing the loss of body heat to the surrounding cold water, thus helping them maintain a stable, warm internal body temperature. While the phrasing "reduce body heat" is slightly imprecise (it reduces *heat loss*), the intended meaning about insulation is generally understood in this context. This statement describes a known adaptation.
• "Lizards bask in the sun during winter." Lizards are ectotherms (cold-blooded), meaning their body temperature largely depends on the external environment. To raise their body temperature to levels suitable for activity, especially during cooler periods like winter mornings or days, lizards often engage in behavioral thermoregulation, such as basking in the sun to absorb heat. This statement is correct.
• "tribes living in high altitude have the same RBC count as people living in the plains." At high altitudes, the partial pressure of oxygen in the air is lower than at sea level (plains). To compensate for the reduced oxygen availability, the bodies of people living permanently at high altitudes adapt by producing more red blood cells (RBCs) and hemoglobin. This increases the oxygen-carrying capacity of their blood. Therefore, people living at high altitudes typically have a higher RBC count than those living in the plains. Claiming they have the same count is incorrect.

Based on the analysis, the incorrect statement is the one about RBC count at high altitude.