Identify the correct statement about the oxidation states of group 14 elements
Identify the correct statement about the oxidation states of group 14 elements
Carbon and Silicon mostly exhibit +4 oxidation state
Tin in +2 oxidation state is a reducing agent
Lead in +2 oxidation state is a reducing agent
The order of stability of +2 oxidation state follow the sequence Ge<Sn<Pb
The Correct Option is C
Solution and Explanation
To solve the problem, we need to identify the incorrect statement about the oxidation states of Group 14 elements.
1. Review of Oxidation States in Group 14:
Group 14 elements include Carbon (C), Silicon (Si), Germanium (Ge), Tin (Sn), and Lead (Pb). They commonly show +4 and +2 oxidation states. The stability of these oxidation states changes down the group due to the inert pair effect.
2. Evaluate Each Option:
- Option 1: "Carbon and Silicon mostly exhibit +4 oxidation state"
This is correct. C and Si are lighter members and favor the +4 oxidation state. - Option 2: "Tin in +2 oxidation state is a reducing agent"
This is correct. Sn(II) can be oxidized to Sn(IV), hence it acts as a reducing agent. - Option 3: "Lead in +2 oxidation state is a reducing agent"
This is incorrect. Pb(II) is relatively stable due to the inert pair effect and behaves more like an oxidizing agent than a reducing agent. - Option 4: "The order of stability of +2 oxidation state is Ge < Sn < Pb"
This is correct. The stability of the +2 oxidation state increases down the group due to the inert pair effect.
Final Answer:
The incorrect statement is: “Lead in +2 oxidation state is a reducing agent”.
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Concepts Used:
Group 14 Elements
The group 14 elements are also known as the carbon group. Sometimes it is also called crystallogens. The group 14 elements can be found on the right side of the periodic table. The elements of the carbon group are:
- Carbon - C
- Silicon - Si
- Germanium - Ge
- Tin - Sn
- Lead - Pb
- Flerovium - FI
The group 14 elements or the carbon family belongs to the p-block of the periodic table. The carbon group is also the second group in the p-block.
Electronic Configuration:
The arrangement of electrons in the orbitals of a molecule or atom is known as electronic configuration. The general electronic configuration of the group 14 elements is ns2np2.
All group 14 elements have 4 electrons in the outer shell. Hence, the valency of the carbon family or group 14 elements is 4.
Properties of Group 14 Elements:
- Covalent Radii
- Ionization Enthalpy
- Electronegativity
- Metallic Character
- Density
- Four Covalent Compounds
- The Melting and Boiling Points