Question

Identify the correct matches:

Nerve	Function / Target
A. Vagus nerve	iii. Lungs, heart, oesophagus
B. Optic nerve	iv. Retina of the eye
C. Hypoglossal	ii. Muscle of the tongue
D. Facial nerve	i. Palate, salivary glands

• A. A – iv, B – ii, C – i, D – iii
• B. A – ii, B – iii, C – iv, D – i
• C. A – iii, B – ii, C – iv, D – i
• D. A – iii, B – iv, C – ii, D – i

Hint:

To remember: \textbf{Vagus} – vital organs, \textbf{Optic} – eyes, \textbf{Hypoglossal} – tongue, \textbf{Facial} – face and glands.

Answer 1

The Correct Option is D

Let's analyze each cranial nerve: - A. Vagus nerve (X) — Supplies thoracic and abdominal organs like lungs, heart, and oesophagus → (iii). - B. Optic nerve (II) — Carries visual information from the retina → (iv). - C. Hypoglossal nerve (XII) — Controls the muscles of the tongue → (ii). - D. Facial nerve (VII) — Controls facial muscles and also affects salivary glands and palate → (i). Thus, the correct matching is: \[ \text{A – iii,\quad B – iv,\quad C – ii,\quad D – i} \]

Answer 2

The human nervous system contains various cranial nerves, each with specific functions and target organs. Understanding the correct matches between nerves and their functions is crucial for studying neuroanatomy and physiology.

A. The Vagus nerve (cranial nerve X) is a mixed nerve with parasympathetic fibers that innervate multiple organs including the lungs, heart, and esophagus. It plays a vital role in regulating heart rate, respiratory rate, and digestive tract functions.

B. The Optic nerve (cranial nerve II) is responsible for vision. It carries visual information from the retina of the eye to the brain, enabling the sense of sight.

C. The Hypoglossal nerve (cranial nerve XII) controls the muscles of the tongue. It is primarily a motor nerve that facilitates tongue movements necessary for speech and swallowing.

D. The Facial nerve (cranial nerve VII) innervates muscles of facial expression and also supplies the palate and salivary glands, playing roles in taste sensation and saliva secretion.

Therefore, the correct matches are:
A – iii (Vagus nerve – lungs, heart, esophagus)
B – iv (Optic nerve – retina of the eye)
C – ii (Hypoglossal – muscle of the tongue)
D – i (Facial nerve – palate, salivary glands)