Question

(i) What is a neutralisation reaction? Write its two examples. 
(ii) Explain roasting with an example. 

Hint:

For naming organic compounds, remember the longest carbon chain and the functional group to determine the IUPAC name.

Answer 1

A neutralization reaction is a chemical reaction in which an acid and a base react to form a salt and water. The general equation for neutralization is: \[ \text{Acid} + \text{Base} \to \text{Salt} + \text{Water} \] Examples: 1. \(\text{HCl} + \text{NaOH} \to \text{NaCl} + \text{H}_2\text{O}\) (Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide) 2. \(\text{H}_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{KOH} \to \text{K}_2\text{SO}_4 + \text{H}_2\text{O}\) (Sulfuric acid and potassium hydroxide) 
(ii) Explain roasting with an example. 
Roasting is the process of heating an ore in the presence of oxygen to extract the metal. The process involves the reaction of the ore with oxygen, removing impurities like sulfur and carbon. Example: Roasting of \(\text{ZnS}\) (Zinc sulfide) to form zinc oxide: \[ 2\text{ZnS} + 3\text{O}_2 \to 2\text{ZnO} + 2\text{SO}_2 \] (iii) Write the IUPAC name of the following compounds: 
(A) \(\text{CH}_3\text{COOH}\) - Ethanoic acid 
(B) \(\text{CH}_3\text{CH}_2\text{OH}\) - Ethanol 
(C) \(\text{CH}_3\text{CHO}\) - Ethanal