Question

How is benzene diazonium chloride prepared from aniline? How will you convert benzene diazonium chloride into the following?

Hint:

Diazonium salts are versatile intermediates, enabling substitution with hydrogen, halogens, and functional groups.

Answer 1

Preparation of Benzene Diazonium Chloride: \[ C_6H_5NH_2 + HNO_2 + HCl \xrightarrow{0^\circ C} C_6H_5N_2Cl + 2H_2O \] Conversions: 

(i) Benzene \[ C_6H_5N_2Cl + H_3PO_2 + H_2O \rightarrow C_6H_6 + N_2 + H_3PO_3 + HCl \] 

(ii) Chlorobenzene \[ C_6H_5N_2Cl + CuCl \rightarrow C_6H_5Cl + N_2 \] 

(iii) Nitrobenzene \[ C_6H_5N_2Cl + CuNO_2 \rightarrow C_6H_5NO_2 + N_2 \]