Question

Give an account on photosynthesis.

Hint:

Remember the photosynthesis equation and the two stages: light-dependent and light-independent reactions for better understanding.

Answer 1

Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants, algae, and some bacteria convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose, using carbon dioxide and water. It occurs mainly in the chloroplasts of plant cells containing the pigment chlorophyll. The general equation for photosynthesis is: \[ 6CO_2 + 6H_2O \xrightarrow{\text{light, chlorophyll}} C_6H_{12}O_6 + 6O_2 \] Photosynthesis consists of two main stages:


Light-dependent reactions: Light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll, producing ATP and NADPH, and splitting water molecules to release oxygen.

Light-independent reactions (Calvin cycle): ATP and NADPH are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose.
Photosynthesis is crucial as it provides oxygen and organic food for most living organisms.