Question:

Gibberellic acid induces flowering:

Updated On: Jun 3, 2023
  • in some gymnospermic plants only
  • in long day plants under short day conditions
  • in short day plants under long day conditions
  • in day-neutral plants under dark conditions
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The Correct Option is B

Approach Solution - 1

When long day plants are grown under short day conditions, the gibberellins are produced in insufficient quantities and flowering does not occur. However, if the plant is transferred to long day conditions, or gibberellin solution is applied to leaves, flowering occurs.
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Approach Solution -2

Gibberellins (GAs) not only enhance plant organ growth but also speed up stage advancement throughout development. Their role to bloom initiation in difficult days (LD) and biennial plants is established, and there is an emerging understanding of the components involved in botanical enlisting.
Geranyl biphenyls are biosynthesized diterpene plant compounds, a common C20 precursor for diterpenoid, that govern and improve different aspects of development, such as seed germination, stem extension, flowering, biogenic product progression, and quality guidelines on the aleurone layer. These gibberellic acids are produced by higher plants and creatures, as well as microbes.
Gibberellic acid is a plant chemical that aids in stem development. Darting refers to rapid blooming with cell division and cell lengthening. Long days or cold treatments are required for shooting. Under normal conditions, the use of gibberellic corrosives can cause blooming. Under short-day conditions, it induces flowering in short-day plants.
Hence, the correct answer is option B-Long day plants under short-day conditions.

 
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Approach Solution -3

When long-day plants are cultivated in short-day circumstances, gibberellins are generated insufficiently, and blooming does not occur. Flowering happens when the plant is moved to extended day circumstances or a gibberellin solution is administered to the leaves.
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Concepts Used:

Plant Growth Regulators

What is a plant growth regulator?

Plant growth regulators (PGRs) are chemicals used to modify plant growth such as increasing branching, suppressing shoot growth, increasing return bloom, removing excess fruit, or altering fruit maturity.

Types of Plant Growth:

There are the following types of plant growth.

  • Primary and Secondary Growth: The growth of a plant is termed primary when the same happens through the mitotic division of the meristematic cells which are present at the root and the shoot of the plants. 

Whereas, the secondary growth in a plant takes place through the division of the secondary meristem, which, in turn increases the diameter of the body of the plants.

  • Primary and Secondary Plant Growth
  • Unlimited Growth
  • Limited Growth
  • Vegetative Growth
  • Reproductive Growth

The five groups of plant growth regulators used in fruit crops include:

  1. Auxins: Auxins are one of the most important plant hormones. The chief naturally occurring auxin is indole-3 acetic acid – IAA and other related compounds.
  2. Gibberellins: Gibberellins are an extensive chemical family based on the ent-gibberellane structure. The first gibberellin to be discovered was gibberellic acid. Now there are more than 100 types of gibberellins.
  3. Cytokinins: These are produced in the regions where cell division occurs; mostly in the roots and shoots. They help in the production of new leaves, lateral shoot growth, chloroplasts in leaves etc.
  4. Absicisic Acid: Absicsic acid controls the dormancy of buds and seeds, inhibits shoot growth and is involved in regulating water loss from plants.
  5. Ethylene: Ethylene is a simple, gaseous plant growth regulator, synthesised by most of the plant organs includes ripening fruits and ageing tissues.